Sociological Reflection - 938 Words

Sociology has guided me into having a better understanding and concept of the relationship between myself and society. Within time my knowledge in sociology has grown and I now perceive life differently with some of the things I have learned throughout the course. A lot of the sociological concepts that I have learned have impacted my way of thinking in a positive manner. Every new unit that we are taught is an eye opener for me because of how enlightened I have become from viewing myself and society by more of an open mind. Concepts that have been an eye opener to me since the previous section reflection include blah, the different types of social classes, and lastly culture appropriation. Each of these three topics is only a minor part†¦show more content†¦I am very aware of all the different cultures that there are but what I was not aware of was how some races feel about how others identify their culture as. Culture appropriation has opened my eyes and made me aware of h ow others â€Å"adopt† elements from one’s culture and include it in their own personal life. This may come off very offensive to others when we see their culture being worn or acted on someone who is not of that culture. I recently have seen it most during the most recent holiday that just came up, Halloween. When others dress up and make their costume crafted from other’s culture. This concept has strengthened my understanding of culture appropriation by being more aware of how society acts upon culture appropriation and if I ever (for whatever the reason may be) tend to show this type of appropriation to know what I may be wearing, saying, or acting can be offensive to others which can make me just insensitive. Even if it is not clear at times it is always good to educate yourself on these matters to not let it happen in the future. One of the last concepts in the past few units that has spoken out to come comes from chapter 9, â€Å"Constructing Gender and Sexuality†. I have always been an open minded person, I am not one to discriminate. I have always been open to learning new things and the idea of sexuality as whole. I never liked the idea of homophobia or discrimination at all. Learning theShow MoreRelatedSociological Reflection1258 Words   |  6 Pagesimagine. To be more specific there were actually ten topics that I learned in this course that was very important to me. Those topics were: crime, deviance, bureaucracy, nature of science, philosophy, religion, common sense, scientific statements, sociological ideas, and core american values. 1.During the beginning of this semester we discussed the key characteristics of science how science was different from philosophy, how is science different from religion, make five scientific statements thatRead MoreSociological Reflection1052 Words   |  5 Pagesimpacted the way I view society. Not only did I learn about the relationships between society and myself, but I have also learned different concepts that have helped me gain a better understanding of how society works. There are three specific sociological concepts that has helped me improve my understanding of the relation between society and myself: modernism, virtual communities, and resocialization. The first concept I want to talk about is modernism. Our textbook defines modernism as a paradigmRead MoreC. Wright Millss Sociological Imagination1301 Words   |  6 PagesThe sociological imagination, a concept coined by C. Wright Mills, is defined as, â€Å"the awareness of the relationship between personal experience and wider society.† The sociological imagination is not an innate way of thinking, therefore its inverse is commonly referred to as the ordinary way of thinking. People who think ordinarily, do not make connections between what is happening in their own milieu and what is happening in the larger society they live within. The memoir of Michael Patrick MacDonaldRead MoreThe Argument of Sociology is Based on Relationships Essay694 Words   |  3 Pageswe can understand that a Sociological argument must address a relationship between two or more variables in its claim, i.e. â€Å"does birth order affect social attitudes?† (Krippner, 2009). The next step i n a Sociological argument is to establish a mechanism. This is incorporating the â€Å"how† and â€Å"why† aspects into the variable. (Krippner, 2009) In the Toulmin’s argument model, this step would be considered the grounds of the argument. When creating an argument from a sociological perspective we must alsoRead MoreA Critical Study Of Lareau s Reflection931 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to Lareau, class positions have a very strong influence and control over the life of the family precisely childrearing. In the critical study of Lareau’s reflection, the language that we use, the time that we spend, and the influence of kin ties are very important in the upbringing of our children. Basically she focused on the middle class, working class, working poor, for blacks and whites. Sociologist have defined this classes: â€Å"Middle class is composed of â€Å"white collar† workers withRead MoreSociology and Psychology 823 Words   |  4 Pageswhich social structure and institutions affect our everyday life. Sociological imagination was founded by C. Wright mills in the 1950`s it is an overall understanding of that some of the things that happen in society may lead to a particular outcome. Mills said it is â€Å"the vivid awareness of the relationship between experience and wider society.† sociological imagination can also be defined as the ability to look at how sociological situations can unfold due to how everyone is different. The way weRead MoreAnalysis Of Man In The Mirror1192 Words   |  5 Pagesthe mirror. The song man in the mirror is inspirational about making a positive impact and personal redemption in the world. It was released in 1988. This catchy song tries to explain that changing the world is possible (Wallerstein 2). Many soci ological concepts are displayed by Michael Jackson in the context of song’s lyrics. The band of the song tries to express their concerns with the actions and views of the world of the present day. Basically, the band reflects upon the worlds realism asRead MoreAn Sociological Study And What We Call Sociological Imagination Essay736 Words   |  3 Pagesneeded, which is the basis for the sociological study and what we call sociological imagination. The sociological imagination are the fundamental features of intellectual endeavor and cultural sensibility. The ability of the imagination is able to move from a social perspective to another. In our reality there is a man / society interrelation - I / the world. The knowledge of that relationship is the subject of our study. The distinction with which the sociological imagination works is born betweenRead MoreIs There A Sociology Of Love?1046 Words   |  5 Pagessexual relationships Sociological perspectives are theories that we use in the sociological world to view our social environment. These are principles set in sociology to answer, illustrate, describe or relate to a certain phenomenon, to give us a perception on a subject. The sociology theories are to enable us to analyse, predict or explain our social sphere. There are macro and micro level analysis of how perspectives work. I am going to evaluate contrasting sociological perspectives to assess

I Will Forgive Vroom ! - 2310 Words

I Will Forgive Vroom! Vroom! Vroom! Honk! Honk! Honk! Crash! I’ve been reliving that moment in my life. It was a gorgeous morning day out. The sun shining, trees slowly losing leaves. The smell of nature was beautiful. I’m walking out of school and started to talk with my friends. Cars are everywhere. Parking lots full. The cars are louder than a herd of elephants. In a distance, I see my mom’s car. I wave and start running towards her. Here it comes again. Vroom! Vroom! Vroom! A car is flying by at least going 90. Honk! Honk! Honk! The car is honking at a white Honda Civic Hybrid. That’s my mom’s! Crash! The car gets smacked. It flips over and burst into flames. I start hearing a scream. It’s me screaming louder than ever. I see the guy from the other car get out. He is dressed in all black. He takes off running along the narrow road. I hear loud screeching. Its metal scraping on metal. Without thinking I tell my friend to go get help. I take off after the guy that was in the other car. I feel the wind brushing off my face. I see the man getting bigger. I’m right behind him now! I yell at him. He turns around and tries to punch me. I hit his side arm just in time. It hits the bright red stop sign. His knuckles are bleeding. I quickly punch him in the face. I feel a slight pain in my hand. I quickly ignore it. Then he takes out my legs from under me. I hear a loud smack. A car pulls over and the driver tells him to get in the car. I get up and see a blue 4v4 truck driveShow MoreRelatedManagement Styles In Management870 Words   |  4 Pagesissues with them. I want the staff members to feel that it is okay to forgive a fine or extend a due date for the sake of customer service. Sahoo, Behera, and Tripathy state, â€Å"Individuals feel empowered when they perceive and possess power to adequately cope with events, situations, or people they confront† (Sahoo, Behera, Tripathy, 2010, p42). Another important aspect of management is motivating workers. I feel goal making is an excellent strategy to motivate workers. Victor Vroom introduced oneRead MoreThe Empty Corridor As A Tall Slender Woman1515 Words   |  7 Pagesbut quickly pushed that knowledge to the back of his mind. They can be part of the landscape he could view from above – they could be the mountains he flew past by! Arms out stretched, Jerome imitated the grumbling sounds of a plane engine. ‘Vroom, vroom!’ he yelled, running around the room in circles. He was soaring past the mountains, the rippling waves of the oceans below, flying past birds in the sky and he was so close to the warm sun. Nobody could reach him here; it was his safe haven whereRead MoreLimitation of Trait Theory12233 Words   |  49 Pagesaffects the extent to which given leader traits and behaviors will be effective. Contingency theories gained prominence in the late 1960s and 1970s. Four of the more well-known contingency theories are Fiedlers contingency theory, path-goal theory, the Vroom-Yetton-Jago decision-making model of leadership, and the situational leadership theory. Each of these approaches to leadership is briefly described in the paragraphs that follow. Introduced in 1967, Fiedlers contingency theory was the first to specifyRead MoreProblems and Aspirations of Youth as Highlighted in the Novels of Chetan Bhagat5079 Words   |  21 Pagesthis philosophy can be seen in his novel â€Å" One Night @ The Call Center†, where the hero, who answers the phone calls from clueless Americans about their cooking appliances, remarks,† Every cousin of mine is becoming a doctor or engineer,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.You can say I am the black sheep of my family.† Bhagat believes that India tends to have an academic and social revolution to prevent young people simply regurgitating what they learn without thinking. He wants to convey this message across to the Indian youth- evenRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesindex. ISBN 978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Robbins, Stephen P. Organizational behavior / Stephen P. Robbins, Timothy A. Judge. — 15th ed. p. cm. Includes indexes. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-283487-2 ISBN-10: 0-13-283487-1 1. Organizational behavior. I. Judge, Tim. II. Title. HD58.7.R62 2012 658.3—dc23 2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual Read MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 Pagesprocess and its role in the organization. To start with, first of all we will define the Management and then we will go through the functions of management as well as relationship between management and HRM . A. Concepts and Essential of Management i. What is Management? Management is the process of working with different resources to accomplish organizational goals. Good managers do those things both effectively and efficiently. To be effective is to achieve organizational goals. To be efficientRead MoreAutobilography of Zlatan Ibrahimovic116934 Words   |  468 PagesI AM ZLATAN By Zlatan Ibrahimovic as told to David Lagercrantz --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This book is dedicated to my family and friends, to those who have stood by my side, on good days and bad. I also want to dedicate it to all the kids out there, those who feel different and don t fit in. Those who are seen for the wrong reasons. It s OK to be different. Continue being yourself. It worked out for me. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

Causes of the Cold War Essay free essay sample

It is clear that fear, greed and revenge were the major factors that caused the Cold War† How far do you agree with this statement when analyzing the causes of the Cold War up to 1949? The responsibility of the origins of the Cold War often triggers questions among historians yet both powers should be blamed for taking part in it. The origins of the Cold War can often be associated with fear, greed and revenge. Through most analyses, the fault was often given to Stalin’s ambitions to expand communism in Europe, a controversial idea of the Orthodox view. Other historians revised this idea therefore blame the United States actions for the origins of the Cold War, which were analyses of the Revisionist. Later, the Post-revisionist view was adopted; its goal was not to blame any side but focused on examining â€Å"what† caused the start of it. The collapse of the good-natured American Soviet relations was most significantly caused by the Soviet Union expanding it borders, violating its allied agreements, and imposing communistic governments on neighboring nations. Firstly, one of the direct causes of the Cold War was the Yalta Conference in February 1945, at this point Stalin’s diplomatic position was greatly strengthened by the physical fact that the Red Army occupied most of eastern Europe. In the Yalta conference the Big Three powers were represented by Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill. The matters being discussed in the Yalta Conference were very much the same as those discussed in the Tehran Conference in 1943, however the Big Three all agreed that the priority was the unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany. After the war, the country would be split into four occupied zones, with a quadripartite occupation of Berlin as well. Essentially the Yalta Conference was based on the fear of the expansion of Germany. The three main positive outcomes of the Yalta Conference were; the agreement on the United Nations, Soviet agreement to join the war in the Pacific against Japan, and the Big Three signing a ‘Declaration for Liberated Europe’ pledging their support for democratic governments based on free elections in all european countries, including eastern Europe. Stalin essentially got everything he wanted: a significant sphere of influence as a buffer zone. In this process, the freedom of small nations was somehow expendable and sacrificed for the sake of stability, which would mean that the Baltic countries of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia would continue to be members of the USSR. However the Soviet Union violated and defied its agreements made during various international conferences with President Roosevelt and Truman, and British Prime Minister Churchill. Joseph Stalin, violated its solemn promises in the Yalta accords. He pledged to hold free elections in Eastern Europe however he failed to carry this out when he announced that there will be no elections during the Potsdam Conference in 1945. Also unlike the United States, the Soviets did not demilitarize immediately after the war. Additionally, the Soviet Union withdrew from the allied council. The Potsdam Conference which took place in July 1945 was the next time that the Big Three met. However President Roosevelt died in April 1945 and was replaced by Truman, who was to adopt a more hardline, or ‘get tough’ policy, towards the soviets. The Potsdam Conference followed the unconditional surrender of Germany on 7 May 1945. By the time the Potsdam Conference began, the USA was planning on using their new atomic weapon against Japan if the tests on it proved successful. The atomic bombs were a symbol for fear, because they were used as a form of defense and also as a method of mass destruction. It can be argued that the USA didnt need to use the atomic bomb in order to get Japan to surrender, it has also been said that the USA dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and three days later the attack on Nagasaki. Prime Minister Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech which warned the new danger in Europe can be seen as one of the defining moments in the origins of the Cold War. It was Churchills speech, which he titled The Sinews of Peace, that changed the way the democratic West viewed the Communist East. The phrase, which refers to the harsh and impenetrable nature of the divide. In Churchills speech it was clear how much he feared the Soviet Unions rise in power, during the entirety of the speech Churchill is warning about the implications that the spread of communism could have. Through an orthodox perspective Churchill had no other choice but to warn the other countries about what Stalin’s plans of expansion are. When the Truman doctrine was announced on 12 March 1947 the Soviet Union feared that the USA would be successful in stopping Stalin’s goal of spreading communism. Through the perspective of a revisionist the Truman Doctrine was proof of how ‘backstabbing’ the USA is since it was seen as just a way to get in the way of Stalin’s plans and avoid his success. In January 1947, the U. A Secretary of State, was replaced by General George Marshall. The Marshall plan seemed to follow quite naturally on from the Truman Doctrine, which was the economic extension of the ideas outlined by the president. Through the orthodox perspective the Marshall Plan was a perfect offer for all european countries, including the Soviet Union in order to rebuild the countries, and that its at an disadvantage to the Soviets that they didnt accept the offer. Soon after Roosevelts death in 1945 and his replacement by Truman the Big Three met at Potsdam for the first time. President Truman and Stalin were at a disagreement form the very beginning regarding each others greed for power. Through the view of a revisionist the USA and Truman were the reason as to why there was tension between the two, this caused mainly by the two powers unwillingness to come to a compromise. In the Potsdam conference signs of greed can be shown as Truman does not inform Stalin of the fact that the United States is armed with an atomic bomb. As an orthodox it can be argued that the reason for Truman to keep the destructive weapon a secret was because of the fear that the Soviets would abuse the power of such a weapon. The Berlin Crisis was mainly caused due to greed of the United States and the Soviet Union to have their own sector of Berlin. It can be argued from a orthodox perspective that the reason for the ‘greed’ shown by the United States is justified. It is justified because if the Soviets were to have complete control over the capital they would have too munch power, and therefore be a bigger threat than they already are. Due the the Berlin Crisis the Berlin Blockade began on the 24th June 1948. The problem for the western powers was that Berlin lay 100 miles within the Soviet occupation zone, which had been sealed off from the rest of Germany since 1946. As a revisionist the isolation of the Berlin blockade was the only way for the Soviet Union the remain a superpower. Lastly revenge played an important role in the development of the Cold War. Truman’s replacement of Roosevelt caused difficulties regarding the relationship between the USSR and the United Stated. Stalin and Truman did not get along, therefore the need to revenge on each other intensified, as the tension between the two nations grew stronger. As a revisionist it can be seen from the perspective that the United Stated took every opportunity possible to ‘revenge’ on the Soviet Union by turning other nations agains the idea of communism which made it more difficult for Stalin to expand. USA can be seen as taking revenge on Japan with the attack of the two atomic bombs, as a orthodox one could simply argue that it was the only way to end the war between Japan and the United States as Japan was very stubborn when it came to surrender. Churchills iron curtain speech on the 5th March 1946 was his way to get revenge for the actions and the selfishness that the Soviet Union used in order to spread the communism, the speech was the only possibility that the USA and Britain had to stop the spread of communism in Europe. The Soviet Union also showed revenge with the several steps of withdrawing the International Monetary Fund (IMF), stepping up the tone and intensity of anti-Western propaganda and initiating a new five-year plan of self-strengthening. From the orthodox perspective the Soviet Union completely overreacted with its interpretations and should feel attacked because Churchill tells other countries the truth about the communist ideology. Fear, greed and revenge are words that can describe the tense relationship between the Soviet Union and the United States. However as shown through the different perspectives of an orthodox and a revisionist it cannot easily be determined who is responsible for the outbreak of the Cold War. Through the post-revisionist perspective not one nation can be held solely responsible for the outbreak of the Cold War, there is instead the focus on what other factors also had an influence. I agree with the post revisionist view as shown in my essay every argument has a valid argument as a revisionist and as an orthodox.

Office Depot Case Study Essays - Office Depot, Staples Inc., Staples

Office Depot Case Study Introduction The Office Depot case study is designed to measure the skills of success of the well known office supply chain. This study analyzes key strategic issues that are important for Office Depot's sustained growth and success. Office Depot maintains its success as the result of their relentless focus on a simple formula: To offer the broadest selection of high-quality office products, services and information that their customers need at everyday low prices. Office Depot's mission statement is to be the most successful office products company in the world. Office Depot's simple formula and mission statement has created an industry leader. Corporate History Since Office Depot was founded in 1986, they have revolutionized the way office products were sold through warehouse retailing. Warehouse retailing involves buying directly from manufacturers in high volumes, this has been successful due to its low overhead costs and savings to customers. Low overhead trickles down to the consumer, who is able to purchase its every conceivable office needed product at up to 60% off of list prices. Office Depot had opened 10 stores within its first year, following the immediate success of its first store in Florida. With direction from Office Depot's Chairman and CEO, David I. Fuente, Office Depot opened 16 additional stores in 1987. By 1989, Office Depot had a total of 67 stores. In April, 1991, Office Depot merged with another growing office supply chain, Office Club. This merge put Office Depot on top as the largest office products retailer in North America. In 1992, Office Depot went international. Office Depot entered the international arena when it acquired the Great Canadian Office Supplies Warehouse chain in Canada. After successful conversion of five Canadian Office Supplies Warehouses to Office Depots in Canada, Office Depot opened additional stores throughout the country. Office Depot continued its expansion when it entered the market in Colombia and Israel in 1993. By 1997, Office Depot had opened locations in Poland, France, Hungary, Japan and Thailand. The company ended 1999 with 825 stores in the U.S. and Canada alone. This expansion is one of the strategies used by Office Depot to lend to its successful growth and plans to continue its expansion in the future. Business Strategies In the highly competitive market of office supplies, Office Depot has proved itself to be at the top of its game, holding a strong second place over their biggest competitor, Staples. Competitors, such as Staples, have shown only a 6% increase in sales over the past year while, Office Depot reported sales of $10.3 billion, a 14% increase over the $9.0 billion reported for 1999. They have reached this level of sales and success by achieving major goals and objectives set by the company. Office Depot has developed excellent standards for customer service, successful advertising campaigns and expanded into global markets. Each of these accomplishments have aided Office Depot in gaining a strong foothold in the office supply market and brought them one step closer to becoming number one. In spite of Office Depot's growth and success, its greatest challenge may be yet to come. In order to surpass Staples and become number one in the industry, Office Depot must carefully and successfully plan and execute two key strategic plans. The first is a continued level of excellent customer service and increased convenience for their customers. Office Depot needs to maintain a knowledgeable and helpful staff, comprised of quality people that can provide an atmosphere in the stores that makes customers feel welcome. A welcome atmosphere with a knowledgeable staff is necessary in order to continue to build a larger customer base for the company. In a world of technology, customers are constantly looking for ways to receive their merchandise quicker. To maintain its current success, Office Depot must remain on top of the changing technology and expand its already established Internet ordering system. Customers, at the present time, can look through an online catalog, place an order and have it shipped directly to their home or office. Several companies, like the telecommunication company, GTE, have contracted with Office Depot in order to offer discounts of up to forty percent to their employees when they place their orders online. With this service comes the

Russels Nash essays

Russel's Nash essays An Article on John Forbes Nash, Jr. ¡s character in movie A Beautiful Mind This Article is about Mr. Nash ¡s character in Movie A beautiful mind.  ¡ If Russell Crowe does not get the Oscar for Best Actor for playing John Nash in A beautiful Mind the Acedemy ¡s injudiciousness will disappoint audiences across the globe that will have seen A beautiful Mind and experienced the finest performance in recent years  ¡  ¡ A Beautiful Mind  ¡ the intense human drama of a true genius is inspired by events in the life of mathematician John Forbes Nash, Jr. A beautiful mind is a compelling cinematic rendition of a schizophrenic genius ¡ mental fragmentation and battle to overcome it to claim his rightful place in history. A beautiful Mind ¡s Nash spans from the early 20s to recent times and even best of prosthesis can not match a seamless performance by Russell Crowe. As Nash moves, his face and physical attributes change and Russell gives the characterization his all. It ¡s been a real challenge for Russell to internalize the character who has made an astonishing discovery early in his career, was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia later and after 30 years of mental struggle wins Noble prize, and regains his rightful place in history. For any learning actor it would be helpful to analyze Russell ¡s character-internalization method. Clear understanding of psychological developments of character connects actor directly with character ¡s instincts and emotions and thus unable him to internalize character completely, resulting in deeply felt performance. Having this in my mind, I would like to dwell on psychological profile of Mr. John Nash. Psychological development of character can be divided into three stages: 1) Young Nash ( time at Princeton University ) 2) Adult Nash ( patient of paranoid schizophrenia ) 3) Old Nash ( Recovery from illness ) X The facts we know about Mr. Nash are th...

Red Badge of Courage essays

Red Badge of Courage essays Throughout the novel The Red Badge of Courage, written by Stephen Crane, a theme is portrayed within a battle that takes place during the Civil War. It is that each person must find the courage to win his or her won battle for maturity or adulthood. A soldier, who is also the main character, Henry Fleming, exemplifies this theme. Henry Fleming begins as an immature soldier who enlists in the army without knowing a reason why. Henry has a romantic view of the war, and expects it to be glorious: They [battles] might not be distinctly Homeric, but there seemed to be much glory in them. He [Henry] had read of marches, sieges, conflicts, and he had longed to see it all. Henry obviously lacks maturity because he was very determined to enlist in the army, but tries to blame the government for being at war. Henry starts to realize that there are no heroes and that there are no individuals: He had grown to regard himself merely as a part of a vast blue demonstration. Therefore he is beginning to fight the battle within himself into adulthood. Henry looses some of his selfishness and gains concern for others, another stepping stone: He felt the subtle battle brotherhood more potent even than the cause for which he was fighting. Henry deserts a dying soldier and runs from a battle, but recognizes that running away was wrong. It isnt a mature action, but he is mature to realize the magnitude of running. With the knowledge of his past mistakes, Henry goes into battle without thinking about the past and fights heroically. After a general makes a derogatory remark about Henry and his comrades, it reveals Henrys change of attitude. He accepts the comment without rebellion and fights with courage. Because of the success of fighting bravely, Henry has the self-esteem to deal with his mistakes as an adult. As a mature person he can learn from his mistakes. ...

How is the power structure and decision making process in this Essay

How is the power structure and decision making process in this organization Should it be strengthened or changed How - Essay Example Upon looking into the current market trend, marketing strategies plus the deliberation of task among members of the group, particularly those who are in the marketing and sales department could smoothly get along with the needs for greater profit. The decisions were made, first, in accordance with the goals of the organization for the benefit of the body as a whole and not only of individual profit. This is what exactly Daft signifies when he said that every organization has its own strategies, but the stragies wherewith decisions will be made should be mainly dependent on the golas of the organization. Operations is not dependent on the mandate of the owner alone, but is dependent on the research studies conducted by the members of the group as a whole. This is being done by the organization by means of including internal and external factors that are in line with the goals of the organization. Official goal and operational goal of the organization is clear, which is, to give service to all people giving value to everyone’s profit. Which means that this goal does not only put into consideration the benefit that the owner of the organization should have but it include all the internal and external things that surrounds the organization. In terms of the dilemma of control and flexibility, where both internal and external engagement of the company is at risk, the organization react with this by means of clearly stating the real sort of problem that has to be fine tuned. Upon understanding the problem, then solutions could be facilitated by means of exactly pin pointing the areas where the organization should mainly adjust. For example, the problem is within the core group of employees, the best way that it could be solved is by means of introducing activities that will uplift the morale of the group, such that will maximize their potentials.

Summary Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Summary - Assignment Example These elements were witnessed in the movies that were created in Hollywood during the session of 1940s. He asserts that these four elements make up the best definition of film noir. Schrader states that the very first element that defines a film noir is the dillusionment that arose after the World War II and the war itself. He states that during the period of 1930s and 1940s, moviews were made for the purpose of conducting propaganda and helping people cheer up due to their sufferings of the issues of the WWII and the Depression. He states that during the early period of the 1940s, movies such as The Maltese Falcon and Laura came into existance and they were a true form of film Noir. In these films, the dillusionment experiencedby the whole nation was portrayed. These movies and the movie The Blue Tahlia represented the scenes of soilders returning back home and they have no work and women had lost tehir jobs. He further asserts that the second most element that is requried to recognize a movie as film Noir is post-war realism. He states that after the war, Americans were demanding for authencity in the media industry, they no longer wanted to see moves that were melodramatic and represnted the higher class. They wanted the real image of the society to be portrayed in the movies and wanted these movies to be about the issues that they were experiencing. Their tatse for sets even changed and they no longer wanted the actors to make movies in fake settings, they wanted them to shoot movies on the street. For exmaple: They wanted the actors to work in locations such as Norma Desmond’s mansion which was broughdown during the `957. The third element that differentiates a movie as being a film noir is that such movies used to be influenced by the Germans by a certain extent. This is because during the period of 1930s, there was an increase in the spread of Nazism and several individuals had

The Taliban Essay Example for Free

The Taliban Essay In the early 80s two different authors have differs originating background of the Taliban. One was as a group of people that arose to combat the cruel, unjust killings and raping vices that took place when a family was on a journey. The second author reported the intervention of Taliban group was in response to â€Å"Afghanistan Transit Trade† group of mafia, who illegally extort citizens on transit. The Taliban arose to disrupt these bandits across all roads and the Afghanistan government. The Taliban are a people in support of â€Å"Sunni Islamist movement† led by Mr. Mohammed Mullah Omar. The leader was disarmed by collective military forces in Northern and NATO countries (Quote). Prior to his removal, Mullah Omar was a teacher and a military subgroup head. The Taliban has majorly Pashtuns ethnicity. They gathered from southern part of Afghanistan, Western region Pakistan, Europe, and China. The Taliban group gets part of their support, training and arms from the Pakistani State (Jalali, 2008). The Taliban cultural ideology is such an extreme. They practice a severe form of sharia law termed â€Å"Pashtun tribal codes†. The source been the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam organization in Pakistan. The law ban and sanction various activities. They are considered anti-Islam. They respond in raising Jihad against defaulters. Their rulings dominate the infiltrated Afghanistan, constituting over 40%. They still left other traditions undisturbed despite the tribal codes. The Taliban’s reviewed Islamic doctrine spread to Muslim practices in some parts of the world. These doctrines regulate the people’s ways of life, the dress codes for men and women (Dupree, Nancy, 2001). About the Government, the Taliban holds no election of officers into office, no political grouping. The leaders are chosen by made to predecessor and made to sworn to an oath of allegiance prepared over sixty years ago. The officials earn no salary but receive just food, clothes, arms and shoes. They proclaim to maintain the live led by old Muslim Prophet. They added that Jihad is a right so it must be fought with their blood. Jihad is a holy war against unbelievers who blaspheme. Their ministers have â€Å"madrassa† educational background. The women are treated with huge restriction. They cannot wear exposed cloths, they only take cab with close relative company, they do not wash at the stream bank, they do not do any work order than being a medical officer to treat and examine female only. They live with darkened windows; they are not permitted to receive primary education. Violation of these laws leads to severe beating up. Other notable activities banned in 1996 by the Taliban government are shaving of beards, western hairstyles, music/dancing at weddings, not praying at prayer times (Dupree, Nancy, 2001). Osama Bin Laden from Sudan arrived Afghanistan with no invitation and was able to form alliance with the Taliban. In 1997, the Taliban’s harsh doctrines, war crimes, terrorism acts and inhuman behavior towards local troops resulted in the killings of Taliban’s troops by the Northern Alliance. They did avenge, killing thousands of civilians and created more international scene. In 2001, the Taliban were away from most of the Afghanistan through a concerted effort by both US and Northern Alliance forces. Presently they do not have control in Afghanistan ad before but they go all round in avenging the brutality against their doctrine and people. They are suicide bombers we here of day by day on television. They are said to be violating human right, killing non-combatants civilian. References Jalali, Ali A. Grau, Lester W. (March, 2008), â€Å"Whither the Taliban?†, The Cyber-Caravan, http://www.fas.org/irp/world/para/docs/990306-taliban.htm Dupree Hatch, Nancy. Afghan Women under the Taliban in Maley, William. Fundamentalism Reborn? Afghanistan and the Taliban. London: Hurst and Company, 2001, pp. 145-166 M. J. Gohari (2000). The Taliban: Ascent to Power. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 108-110

Gwendolyn Brooks :: Biography Biographies Essays

Gwendolyn Brooks Although she was born on 7 June 1917 in Topeka, Kansas--the first child of David and Keziah Brooks--Gwendolyn Brooks is "a Chicagoan." The family moved to Chicago shortly after her birth, and despite her extensive travels and periods in some of the major universities of the country, she has remained associated with the city's South Side. What her strong family unit lacked in material wealth was made bearable by the wealth of human capital that resulted from warm interpersonal relationships. When she writes about families that--despite their daily adversities--are not dysfunctional, Gwendolyn Brooks writes from an intimate knowledge reinforced by her own life. Brooks attended Hyde Park High School, the leading white high school in the city, but transferred to the all-black Wendell Phillips, then to the integrated Englewood High School. In 1936 she graduated from Wilson Junior College. These four schools gave her a perspective on racial dynamics in the city that continues to influence her work. Her profound interest in poetry informed much of her early life. "Eventide," her first poem, was published in American Childhood Magazine in 1930. A few years later she met James Weldon Johnson and Langston Hughes, who urged her to read modern poetry--especially the work of Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot, and e. c. cummings--and who emphasized the need to write as much and as frequently as she possibly could. By 1934 Brooks had become an adjunct member of the staff of the Chicago Defender and had published almost one hundred of her poems in a weekly poetry column. In 1938 she married Henry Blakely and moved to a kitchenette apartment on Chicago’s South Side. Between the birth of her first child, Henry, Jr., in 1940 and the birth of Nora in 1951, she became associated with the group of writers involved in Harriet Monroe's still-extant Poetry: A Magazine of Verse. From this group she received further encouragement, and by 1943 she had won the Midwestern Writers Conference Poetry Award. In 1945 her first book of poetry, A Street in Bronzeville (published by Harper and Row), brought her instant critical acclaim. She was selected one of Mademoiselle magazine's "Ten Young Women of the Year," she won her first Guggenheim Fellowship, and she became a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Letters. Her second book of poems, Annie Allen (1949), won Poetry magazine's Eunice Tietjens Prize. In 1950 Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize. Gwendolyn Brooks :: Biography Biographies Essays Gwendolyn Brooks Although she was born on 7 June 1917 in Topeka, Kansas--the first child of David and Keziah Brooks--Gwendolyn Brooks is "a Chicagoan." The family moved to Chicago shortly after her birth, and despite her extensive travels and periods in some of the major universities of the country, she has remained associated with the city's South Side. What her strong family unit lacked in material wealth was made bearable by the wealth of human capital that resulted from warm interpersonal relationships. When she writes about families that--despite their daily adversities--are not dysfunctional, Gwendolyn Brooks writes from an intimate knowledge reinforced by her own life. Brooks attended Hyde Park High School, the leading white high school in the city, but transferred to the all-black Wendell Phillips, then to the integrated Englewood High School. In 1936 she graduated from Wilson Junior College. These four schools gave her a perspective on racial dynamics in the city that continues to influence her work. Her profound interest in poetry informed much of her early life. "Eventide," her first poem, was published in American Childhood Magazine in 1930. A few years later she met James Weldon Johnson and Langston Hughes, who urged her to read modern poetry--especially the work of Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot, and e. c. cummings--and who emphasized the need to write as much and as frequently as she possibly could. By 1934 Brooks had become an adjunct member of the staff of the Chicago Defender and had published almost one hundred of her poems in a weekly poetry column. In 1938 she married Henry Blakely and moved to a kitchenette apartment on Chicago’s South Side. Between the birth of her first child, Henry, Jr., in 1940 and the birth of Nora in 1951, she became associated with the group of writers involved in Harriet Monroe's still-extant Poetry: A Magazine of Verse. From this group she received further encouragement, and by 1943 she had won the Midwestern Writers Conference Poetry Award. In 1945 her first book of poetry, A Street in Bronzeville (published by Harper and Row), brought her instant critical acclaim. She was selected one of Mademoiselle magazine's "Ten Young Women of the Year," she won her first Guggenheim Fellowship, and she became a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Letters. Her second book of poems, Annie Allen (1949), won Poetry magazine's Eunice Tietjens Prize. In 1950 Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize.

Research Proposal Essay

Introduction Adolescent substance abuse in Virginia is below the national average according to a study for the Department of Adolescent Health with the Department of Health & Human Services (2011) teens in grades 9-12 disclosed usage of alcohol at a rate of 18 percent compared to 20 percent of the national average for having drank more than a few sips before they were 13 years old. For Marijuana the rate was 32 percent of high school aged adolescents have used marijuana in their lifetime and that is also below the national average of 40 percent. Inhalant usage was 10 percent with a national average of 11 percent, cocaine was listed at 3 percent directly coinciding with the national rate and lastly nonmedical use of pain relievers was 7 percent higher than the national percentage of 6 percent (Department of Health & Human Services Office of Adolescent Health, 2011). Literature Review It is no secret that an individual’s development begins within the environment he or she develops. However, questions begin to arise when one wonders how particular settings or environmental factors affect an individual’s development and to which degree these factors impact one’s life. Further investigation may be necessary when the stage of development of the individual being studied is considered. Adolescence is a unique and critical stage in the development of every human being and organizations such as the Adolescent Substance Abuse Knowledge Base (ASK) suggest that substance use and abuse is at least an issue, if not a major problem facing many adolescents. According to ASK the most commonly used substances for adolescents age 12 to 17 are tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana. The ASK  website supports that claim with the following statistics: the national average age of first alcohol use is 15 years old, nationally 17.3% of youths have used tobacco in the past month, and the national average annual incidence rate for marijuana use among youths is 6.3% (http://www.adolescent-substance-abuse.com/state-stats.html). A commonly held belief is that parents or family factors can often predict the development of substance use and abuse by adolescents, one website even goes so far as to label parents the â€Å"Anti-Drug† (http://www.theantidrug.com). So what leads adolescents to develop a habit of using substances such as tobacco, alcohol, marijuana and others? Do parent and family factors play a role in behavior of their adolescent sons and daughters? The purpose of this research proposal is to review the existing literature on parental and family factors and the impact these factors have on predicting the development of teen substance use and abuse. Most research has been done in the area of parental communication and involvement in an adolescent’s life seeking to determine how parenting can influence an adolescent’s substance use or abuse in a positive or negative manner. For example, Farrell and Kung (2000) utilized a number of models to represent the relations between parent ing practices, family structure, peer pressure, and drug use in a sample of 443 seventh grade students. It is important to note that this study was conducted in an urban area, in which many of the subjects were classified as being from low-income families, also a high percentage of those researched were of African American descent. Over half of the adolescents surveyed lived within an intact family or a family with a single parent and extended family members living in the same household. An interesting finding of this study was that peer pressure was more strongly related to drug use than was parenting. That being said, parenting practices were also found to temper the relationship between peer pressure and substance use. This means that parenting can serve as a defensive factor in that children who receive sufficient parenting are better prepared to resist pressures from their peers to use substances than those who do not receive adequate parenting. Ennett, Bauman, Foshee, Pemberton, and Hicks (2001) explored communication between parents and adolescents regarding alcohol and tobacco use through a national study of 537 adolescent and parent pairs. The researchers investigated what was discussed between parent and child and how  that communication impacted the adolescent’s behavior. This data was gathe red via phone contact on two separate occasions, with the second contact taking place one year after the initial contact. There were a number of interesting findings from this study, one of which was that parents who smoked tended to converse more regularly about antismoking rules than did parents who didn’t smoke; in comparison, parents who drank spoke less regularly about rules regarding alcohol use than those that didn’t drink. The study actually produced evidence that parental conversations with adolescents about rules and consequences for alcohol and tobacco use may have caused adolescents who had already tried smoking or drinking to increase their use. Finally, the study also showed that while communication had little in the way of positive effects on adolescent tobacco and alcohol use parental modeling was a much better predictor of an adolescent’s behavior. For example, parental smoking often led to adolescent tobacco and alcohol use, and parental drinking forecasted the rise of alcohol use in many instances (Ennett, Bauman, Foshee, Pemberton, & Hicks, 2001). Another study on the parent-adolescent relationship, this by Wood, Read, Mitchell, and Brand (2004), used mail surveys to contact 578 late-adolescent subjects in the summer before entering college to research parental and peer influences on their alcohol use. The study revealed that men drank nearly twice as much as women, and to negotiate for this known gender discrepancy the authors of the study considered gender in the equations used to calculate their final results. As was the case with similar previous studies, this study revealed that peer influences such as offerings of alcohol and perceived norms were associated with unconstructive consequences as related to alcohol use. The study further supported prior research by confirming that parental behaviors, attitudes, and values correlate directly with late-adolescent alcohol use and problems, and that perceived parental disapproval was associated with lower levels of alcohol use. As the previously discussed research suggests, parental involvement in an adolescent’s life can significantly impact an adolescent’s attitudes and behaviors towards substance use and abuse. However, not all adolescents are fortunate enough to be brought up in environments where parental influences occupy a normal presence within their lives. It is important to consider the impacts of insufficient parenting or nontraditional parenting arrangements  on adolescent substance use. Research Question Will the rate of teen substance abuse decrease if there is more family involvement within teen adolescence? Hypothesis I hypothesize that the rate of teen substance abuse will decrease once there is parental involvement in an adolescent’s years of development Research Design Department of Adolescent Health with the Department of Health & Human Services studied 361 individuals ages 14 to 17, all subjects came from two-parent and single parent families and were enlisted from within the Hampton Roads area in which the study was to be conducted or from clinical treatment programs in the area. The purpose of this study was to create parental involvement measurements applicable to a child’s adolescent lifetime, to differentiate adolescents who were for all practical purposes neglected by their parents from others, and to examine the effects of parental involvement on adolescent behaviors involving drugs and alcohol. Through the use of cross-sectional studies, researchers analysis data from questionnaires. Sampling Strategies The sampling method best used for this research would be non-probability sampling because it opens the opportunity to specify the participants to be researched. This sampling method allows the researcher to create a handpicked research group of participants. Data Collection Method Questionnaire A random sample of 361, 14-17 year olds, stratified by sex and postcode sector, was drawn from the school registration database of Hampton Roads. Ethics committee approval was granted but required that names and addresses be passed to the researchers only after potential respondents had consented. Via their parents, all were sent an information sheet, questionnaire (to establish smoking status), consent form to be countersigned by a guardian, and a freepost return envelope. Results Through the use and analysis of a questionnaire the researchers were able to determine that 75 of the adolescents studied were in situations with low-parent involvement, which the researchers designated as the Neglect group. Those subjects not in the Neglect group were labeled the â€Å"Reference† group. The most substantial observed difference between the Neglect and Reference groups indicated that individuals in the Neglect group, those with less parental involvement in their lives, possessed a weaker ability to resist social pressure to substance abuse. Discussion These numbers show a rising usage of even younger teens beginning to indulge in substances. According to ask the average age of substance experimentation is 14. This study examined the effects of parents talking to children about substances versus those parents who do not. There were a number of interesting findings from this study, one of which was that parents who smoked tended to converse more regularly about antismoking rules than did parents who didn’t smoke; in comparison, parents who drank spoke less regularly about rules regarding alcohol use than those that didn’t drink. The study actually produced evidence that parental conversations with adolescents about rules and consequences for alcohol and tobacco use may have caused adolescents who had already tried smoking or drinking to increase their use. Finally, the study also showed that while communication had little in the way of positive effects on adolescent tobacco and alcohol use parental modeling was a much better predictor of an adolescent’s behavior. For example, parental smoking often led to adolescent tobacco and parental drinking forecasted the rise of alcohol use in many instances. The purpose of this study was to create parental involvement measurements applicable to a child’s adolescent lifetime, to differentiate adolescents who were for all practical purposes neglected by their parents from others, and to examine the effects of parental involvement on adolescent behaviors involving drugs and alcohol Limitation The limitation that would effect this proposal would be the percent of honesty and integrity of the participants. Some participants may feel reluctant to tell the truth either due to fear of parents finding out substance use, or the fear of being labeled. This lack of honesty has a major effect on the data collected from the study. Also using  non-probability sampling will result in limited generalizability of the findings. Implications Practice Implications: When I comes to training social workers on how to treat teens suffering from substance abuse, they have a greater sense of which direction to demonstrate practice. Also allows social workers to understand the history as well at the trigger to initial substance use. Social workers are able to address adolescent clients from different system levels once they are aware of factors that lead teens to abuse substances. Profession: As professionals, these findings help to guide practice in ways to better provide services to teens who suffer from substance abuse and to create preventative methods to keep teens from abusing even in the absence of parental guidance. Target Population: These findings give teens an understanding of how peer and parental influences play a major factor in their curiosity in substances Professional Development: As a professional, this research has given me a sense of direction when it comes to treating and dealing with teens who may suffer fr om substance abuse. Also gives me a better understanding of the history of teen substance abuse and how if occurs. Recommendations for Future Research In future research, study recommend to offer aid, support, and services for those teens who are founded to be abusing or using substances. If challenges are met early, there is a greater chance of transforming these habits. The goal is to strengthen the community through service delivery. References Clark, D., Thatcher, D., & Maisto, S. (2004). Adolescent neglect and alcohol use disorders in two-parent families. Child Maltreatment, 9(4), 357-370. Ennett, S., Bauman, K., Foshee, V., Pemberton, M., & Hicks, K. (2001). Parent-child communication about adolescent tobacco and alcohol use: what do parents say and does it affect youth behavior? Journal of Marriage and Family, 63(1), 48-62. Farrell, A., & Kung, E. (2000). The role of parents and peers in early adolescent substance use: an examination of mediating and moderating effects. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 9(4), 509-528. Highlights of Study by State on Youth Drug Use. (2007). Retrieved January 13, 2011, from http://www.adolescent-substance-abuse.com/state-stats.html Wood, M., Read, J., Mitchell, R., & Brand, N. (2004). Do parents still matter? Parent and peer influences on alcohol involvement among recent high school graduates. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18(1), 19-30.

Ethical conduct and the work environment -Apple Inc Essay

Ethics defined is simply principals of right and wrong, or good and bad. Many people believe that ethics are personal, religious and social behaviours, but this is not the case. In today’s business world ethics are critical to the work environment, as all members of organisations follow a framework including public acceptance, policies and procedures which are generally guided by law. Business ethics are moral principles that guide the behaviour of and within the organisation the importance of business ethics is more important than ever in today’s society. To operate in a moral and ethical manner is essential for the company to further benefit in the future to come. The code of conduct is designed by the company to utilize integrity based decision-making and to achieve satisfaction for the organisation internally and externally. Working in an ethical manner benefits the organisation through the satisfaction of their employees, investors and customers (Global Post, 2013) . But ethical practises go beyond the expected morals in an organisation. In this day and age businesses are more willing to make an impact on their community by giving to social programs, investing in developing countries and lobbying for political change (Udemy, 2013). It’s important that all businesses strive to achieve higher standards of ethical and morality for future generations. Apple Inc. is a multinational American corporation which originated on 1st April 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne. Apple designs and manufacturers’ electronics, computers and software, the most popular hardware products are Macintosh including the iPod, the iPhone and iPad. With 284 retail locations across 10 different countries Apple is the largest technology organization in the world. Apple’s code of conduct states; ‘Apple suppliers are required to provide safe working conditions, treat workers with dignity and respect, act fairly and ethically, and use env ironmental responsible practises where ever they make products or perform services to Apple’(Apple Inc. 2014). Unfortunately Apple has disregarded some of their ethical standards and caused big ethical issues for the company 2011 Apple was criticised and the issues caught the public eye for appalling ethics through forced overtime, child labour and other inexcusable working conditions in their manufacturing factories in Southern China, operated by a manufacturing company Foxconn (Wopschall, 2013). Poor work conditions and high suicide rates of Apple employees in Southern China shortly leaked to  the public. This publicity shocked many and Apple then vowed ‘to clean up their supply chain’ (ref). As a result Tim Cook, Chief Executive of Apple implemented processes in place to control the working conditions and improve constraints in the factories. Apple the technology giant has now given Pegatron a contract for manufacturing goods due to the high volume of product demand. With negative public criticism surrounding Foxconn Apple is veering away from the unethical conduct that went on. Sadly once again there have been cases of similar activity in Pegatron’s factories. In 2013 an undercover investigation took place by China Labor Watch (CLW) from March until July. There were many interviews conducted with workers outside the factory which released information regarding the factories violations. The investigations where undertaken at three factories Shanghai, Riteng and AVY, all three factories included a total of about 70,000 workers. The investigation identified ethical standards that were being breached, as workers were earning approximately $1.50 per hour ($268 per month) which is not sufficient funds to live on; this has led to working overtime with 11 hour days, six days a week (total 66 hours per week) with majority of the time spent standing up. China’s law confirms 49 hours per week is the limit of working hours and overtime is limited to 36 hours and must be paid correctly (CLW, 2013). Apple were trying to cover this by forcing workers to sign forms indicating that overtime hours were less than what they were (CLW, 2013). In addition pregnant woman were working these absurd hours, effectively breaking Chinese laws that restrict employers to ask pregnant woman to work more than 8 hours a day. In the Pegatron factories there were over 10,000 underage and student workers aged between 16 and 20 years, they were placed in the production rooms alongside the adults completing the same job, although being an intern (student) the wages lessened due to school deductions whilst other underage workers didn’t receive payment on time (CLW, 2013). Many of the underage workers whom were under 18 years were hired through third party agents; this made it easier getting through the recruiting process. Child labor is inappropriate and should not be tolerated we are in the 21st century and for many years had activists working to eliminate slavery. There are no exceptions and for such a large company like Apple this unethical behaviour is unacceptable. The factories provide dormitories for workers due to the long hours which cost $19.65 per month  for an eight person dorm. Founded through investigation by CLW the dormitories housed 8-12 people, the rooms were dirty and crowded, and the bathrooms and urinals were very unhygienic. In the shower blocks there was two dozen showers shared between hundreds of workers (CLW, 2013). After a long day of hard work these workers didn’t have much to look forward to other then a line up for a quick cold shower. Sadly workers had little ability to push for better conditions because they did not know how independent unions functioned (NY Times, 2012). CLW revealed the number of violations in Apples supply chain, a total of 86 labor right violations, 36 which were legal and 50 ethical. The investigation that took place only last year 2013 released what violations were occurring inside the factories; dispatch labour abuse, woman’s rights violation, underage labour, contract violation s, insufficient training, excessive working hours, insufficient wages, poor work conditions, poor living conditions, labor health and safety concerns, abuse by management and environmental pollution (CLW, 2013). Throughout pegatrons factories International and Chinese laws have been continuously broken, not only have Apple been breaking these laws but breached their own standards. In their social responsibility code of conduct ‘Apple requires its suppliers to operate in accordance with the principals in this Apple supplier code of conduct and in full compliance with all applicable laws and regulations’ (Apple Inc. 2014). As proven a business’s greatest asset is their employees no matter where you stand in the hierarchy everyone still plays a part so all should be appreciated equally. Workers abide by organisation policies and procedures and will perform in an environment with integrity and strong ethics, and will not take advantage if they have pride and believe in what they are doing. How can you expect the workers to perform to the best of their ability if they are taken for granted and depreciated. These large factories find ways to reduce expenses by cutting corners, pushing employees to work longer and faster, and replacing chemicals with cheaper alternatives. So far the end result for the workers has been unfair and unethical. When new products are released such as the Apple iPhone 5, more pressure is put on the manufacturing chain. Apple sold 5 million iPhone over one weekend and sold approximately 10 times the amount by the end of the quarter (Wopschall, 2013). This demand was high because of the volumes of product needed resulting in employees forcing themto work faster and longer, and within these factories employees will be replaced at the drop of a hat if they lack efficiency. The violations don’t stop there as Apple continues manufacturing, environmental and safety standards are being breached. Apple was contacted by the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE) due to their poor environmental performance. Apple was asked to increase management of their environmental performance of factories in its supply chain. There were major concerns which needed observation and attention as they were chronically out of compliance with the environment regulations (Udemy, 2013). The factories were discharging toxic metal like copper and nickel, breaching international safety standards, ignoring health concerns and disposing hazardous waste incorrectly (Udemy, 2013). Once inspections started more problems rose with storing and handling of hazardous chemicals and the disposing and recycling wasn’t up to standard by law. Stated on Apple’s website is a list of efforts to manage the environment performance of its suppliers, which includes greenhouse gas emissions and removing of toxic substances. Apples code of conduct has detailed rules to control hazardous substances, solid waste, water-waste and air emissions (Apple Inc. 2014). Failing to comply with these rules as Apple has not prevente d pollution. Part of the manufacturing process for the iPhone and iPad uses high density PCB fabrication which requires a lot of power and water to produce, the chemicals etching the laminate can result in environmental violations due to the large quantities of air and water pollution (Udemy, 2013). Apple’s environmental responsibilities should be abided by, also noted by IPE Apple doesn’t have an actions productivity review to record their suppliers environment performances. With no legitimist records you are unable to evaluate processes and implement improvement and change. Ethical issues in Apple factories and ongoing public criticism it’s time for Apple to address the problems properly, not just a quick fix. Over the last three years Apple has made efforts and small improvements to better working conditions for their employees. However the work environments still remains unhuman and proven through investigations which only took place last year there is still a lot of corruption occurring in these factories where standards are breached. The excessive hours of overtime workers are doing needs to be managed and controlled with strict working hour limits, once reach the  overtime limit employees are unable to continue working overtime. In research overtime constraints were implemented but were not followed up and controlled. New policies and procedures should be implemented in all factories with regular inspections to ensure employee’s conditions are of appropriate standards and abide with China’s Legislation. This of course leads to better pay rates so workers can survive without feeling the need to work ridiculous overtime. Also it’s very important that Apple make efforts to minimise illegal underage workers, understandably the factories will always have young workers through internship s. However it’s Apples responsibility to manage their students offering opportunities and work experience, therefore I believe constraints should be put in place to limit the number of internships accepted in the factories at one point in time. Apple needs to create a strategic plan to clean up the factories inside and out, to improve environmental practises and develop factory cleanliness. Looking at the staff quarters is a good start to this process, what can be improved at low cost like general hygiene in the rooms and bathrooms. Assessing the number of people living in the quarters as it’s essential to track and not overcrowd the rooms. Future development or renovations to improve comfort, having enough shower blocks and bathroom facilities to accommodate the number of employees living in. If the standards are lifted not only in the staff quarters but also the factories this will provide workers with more pride, therefore staff will be happier and perhaps less turnover will occur. All over the world organisations and individuals have been working towards environmental sustainability to better our future. Reasons for implications of laws and regulations are aimed at safe and ethical use and disposal of all hazardous substances. Apple needs not to ignore the fact that their suppliers are not working in alignment of their environmental responsibility. What is restricting the factories to improper disposal of hazardous waste and recycling, there is no excuse for the factories to dispose and recycle incorrectly as all organisations have responsibilities. If the original processes of reaching environmental standards isn’t working. Then clearly it needs to be updated and if new infrastructure needs to be implemented then so be it. Apple should be portraying a positive influence on environmental sustainability. Especially because people all over the world are buying their products with promises by  their attainment of values that Apple as a company exceed customer expectations which goes beyond the hardware you purchase from a store. The importance of ethics in the business world is following moral principles and adhering by the code of conduct as founded through investigations Apple has displayed some appalling ethical behaviour, pursuing child labor, working overtime, breaching environmental standards and other excusable conduct. Making changes is not going to happen overnight, but with ethical decision making and focus towards morality, Apple will be on the right track to implement a better working environment internally and externally. Training should be pursued for employees to gain a greater understanding of what ethical standards and behaviours are expected under the Apple code of conduct. If consequences are in place for workers who breach the code perhaps this would give them more incentive to follow the ethical and moral pathway that apple has perceived. Along with Apple organisations around the globe they must pride on ensuring ethical standards are included in their policies and procedures and align with legislation. This will promote and educate people on ethical standards and ensure sustainability is achieved. References Apple Inc, ‘Apple Supplier Code of Conduct version 4.0’, January 2014, retrieved on 1/04/14 from: https://www.apple.com/supplier-responsibility/pdf/Apple_Supplier_Code_of_Conduct.pdf Business Ethics Case, Cody Wopschall, ‘Apple Inc, Severe Employee Abuse’, 2013, retrieved on 2/04/14 from: http://businessethicscases.blogspot.com.au/2013/04/apple-inc-severe-employee-abuse-2011.html China Labor Watch, ‘Apple’s Unkept Promises: Investigation of Three Pegatron Group Factories Supplying to Apple’, July 2013, retrieved on 8/04/14 from: http://www.chinalaborwatch.org/pro/proshow-181.html David Mielach, Business News Daily, ‘Is It Ethical To Own An Iphone?’, February 2012, retrieved on 5/04/14 from: http://www.businessnewsdaily.com/1979-owning-iphone-ethical.html Global Post, The Benefits and Importance of Ethics in the Workplace, 2013, retrieved on 8/04/14 from: http://everydaylife.globalpost.com/benefits-importance-ethics-workplace- 7414.html The Guardian,†Apple’s Chinese workers treated ‘inhumanely, like

Getting To The Reader Essays - Stalking, English-language Films

Getting To The Reader Essays - Stalking, English-language Films Getting To The Reader We have read or heard many stories throughout our lives. We know that stories can vary in purpose: They can either teach a moral lesson or entertain. Some stories interest us; others do not. In order for a story to be interesting, it must be told in a way that does not bore or confuse the reader. This story must have elements that attenuate to a central purpose. These elements (setting, character, plot, point of view, symbol, theme, etc.) forge the thoughts and ideas of the author. Joyce Carol Oates Stalking tells the tale of a young girl growing up in modern suburbia. Stalking is a critical review of modern American society and shows the detrimental effects that it can have on a young child. The main character in this story is stalking the Invisible Adversary, who is the personification of the neglect that she has received in her life. In order to send this message to the reader, Oates emphasizes the point of view of the main character, plot, and setting in her short story Stalking. The narrator of Stalking is omniscient as she follows the main character, Gretchen, throughout a city. She shows us that Gretchen is anti-social: If forced, she takes part in games (Oates 162) and she just stands around, her face empty, her arms crossed and her shoulders a little slumped (162). We also see that Gretchen is oblivious: Gretchen waits until [traffic] is nearly cleara single car is approaching. (Oates 161) and she plods through a jumbled, bulldozed field of mud and thistles and debris that is mainly rocks and chunks of glass (162). Although the narrator visually guides us on this journey, she also lets us into the mind of Gretchen - we see things from Gretchens point of view. Thoughts of Ill get you (Oates 161)Out of my wayYoull be sorry for that(162) shows us that Gretchen is angry and spiteful. Her anger and spitefulness are directed towards her Invisible Adversary - an imaginary playmate that she has created. Why is she angry, anti-social, and spiteful? Why is she stalking the Invisible Adversary? The linear plot quickly builds in this story and answers our questions at the end. As the Invisible Adversary leads Gretchen from place to place around town, Gretchen continues to shows us her audacious behavior everywhere she goes. In one afternoon, she knocks over a garbage can, steals, vandalizes a restroom, and ruins a dress. Her reckless attitude is further shown when the narrator describes Gretchens appearance. She is stocky and could be good at gym, if she bothered (Oates 162). There is also a bit of irony and contradiction when the narrator describes her face. She has untidy, curly haireyebrows heavy and darka stern, staring look, like an adult man(Oates 164). Her nose is perfectly formedher face is attractive (Oates 165). We now know that she was not born unattractive; she chooses to be unattractive. A precursor for the explanation of Getchens behavior is when she does not acknowledge h er mother at the mall. That moment in the story indicates that Gretchen feels some resentment towards her mother. We later find out why she resents them - Her mother is probably still shopping, her father is out of town for the weekend (Oates 166). Gretchens parents neglect her. She fills the void in her life, created by her parents neglect, by creating an Invisible Adversary. Of course, she is angered by their neglect and therefore is angry with the Invisible Adversary. Oates places this story in modern suburban America (no later than 1972). Without this setting the story does not have much meaning. Gretchens parents neglect is caused by the leisure of modern America. Gretchen is raised in a big white colonial home (Oates 166) where her mother is engrossed in shopping and her father is out on a business or fishing trip. Even though she is raised in a house of comfort and privilege, she is unhappy with her life. Not even the material objects in a nearby shopping mall can please her. In fact, she defiles anything that represents privilege and comfort, including her white boots, lipstick, toothpaste, a dress, her home, and herself. The narrator

What Astronomers Mean By Thermal Radiation

What Astronomers Mean By Thermal Radiation Thermal radiation sounds like one a geeky term youd see on a physics test. Actually, its a process that everyone experiences when an object gives off heat. It is also called heat transfer in engineering and black-body radiation in physics. Everything in the universe radiates heat. Some things radiate much MORE heat than others. If an object or process is above absolute zero, its giving off heat. Given that space itself can be only 2 or 3 degrees Kelvin (which is pretty darned cold!), calling it heat radiation seems odd, but its an actual physical process.   Measuring Heat Thermal radiation can be measured by very sensitive instruments - essentially high-tech thermometers. The specific wavelength of radiation will entirely depend on the exact temperature of the object. In most cases ,the emitted radiation isnt something you can see (what we call optical light). For example, a very hot and energetic object might radiate very strongly in x-ray or ultraviolet, but perhaps not look so bright in visible (optical) light. An extremely energetic object might emit gamma rays, which we definitely cant see, followed by visible or x-ray light.    The most common example of heat transfer in the field of astronomy what stars do, particularly our Sun. They shine and give off prodigious amounts of heat. The surface temperature of our central star (roughly 6,000 degrees Celsius) is responsible for the production of the white visible light that reaches Earth. (The Sun appears yellow due to atmospheric effects.) Other objects also emit light and radiation, including solar system objects (mostly infrared), galaxies, the regions around black holes, and nebulae (interstellar clouds of gas and dust).   Other common examples of thermal radiation in our everyday lives include the coils on a stove top when they are heated, the heated surface of an iron, the motor of a car, and even the infrared emission from the human body. How it Works As matter is heated, kinetic energy is imparted to the charged particles that make up the structure of that matter. The average kinetic energy of the particles is known as the thermal energy of the system. This imparted thermal energy will cause the particles to oscillate and accelerate, which creates electromagnetic radiation (which is sometimes referred to as  light). In some fields, the term heat transfer is used when describing the production of electromagnetic energy (i.e. radiation/light) by the process of heating. But this is simply looking at the concept of thermal radiation from a slightly different perspective and the terms really interchangeable. Thermal Radiation and Black-body Systems Black body objects are those that exhibit the specific properties of perfectly absorbing every wavelength of electromagnetic radiation (meaning that they would not reflect light of any wavelength, hence the term black body) and they also will perfectly emit light when they are heated. The specific peak wavelength of light that is emitted is determined from Wiens Law which states that the wavelength of light emitted is inversely proportional to the temperature of the object. In the specific cases of black body objects, the thermal radiation is the sole source of light from the object. Objects like our Sun, while not perfect blackbody emitters, do exhibit such characteristics. The hot plasma near the surface of the Sun generates the thermal radiation that eventually makes it to Earth as heat and light.   In astronomy, black-body radiation helps astronomers understand an objects internal processes, as well as its interaction with the local environment. One of the most interesting examples is that given off by the cosmic microwave background.   This is a remnant glow from the energies expended during the Big Bang, which occurred some 13.7 billion years ago. It marks the point when the young universe had cooled enough for protons and electrons in the early primordial soup to combine to form neutral atoms of hydrogen. That radiation from that early material is visible to us as a glow in the microwave region of the spectrum. Edited and expanded by Carolyn Collins Petersen

United States 9-1-1 emergency service Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

United States 9-1-1 emergency service - Thesis Example The location where an E9-1-1 operator works is called the â€Å"Public Safety Answering Point† (PSAP) which are distributed across the length and breadth of the country and take action for every emergency call. Not all PSAps are equipped with wireless and wire- line systems. In fact, many of the PSAPs have to make use of more advanced technology in order to meet all emergencies. All the PSAPs work in tandem with the local telephone company who has a database of all the numbers and addresses in that jurisdiction. This is a two- way system that works through special 9- 1- 1 Selective Routers. The use of mobile phones while dialing 911 in the United States posed a problem because the call was first directed to the state police on highway patrol who would then pass on the details to the right PSAPs, but now with the cellular boom it is difficult to gauge the right location from where the call had been made. According to the FCC rules in the U.S. every telephone in the vicinity of the 9-1-1 network should be able to have access to it, even in the event of it being disconnected for any reason. In the case of VoIP service, if such phones dial the 9 – 1 – 1, it would go to their billing address only and not the desired location because such phones are only used indoors. Therefore, the FCC issued orders that all VoIP providers should provide the 9 – 1 -1 services to their clients in May 2005. However, in this age of advanced Internet communications, the issue of getting the right response and emergency services to the right location still poses some problems and the 9 -1 -1 personnel seem to be more busy than ever attending to emergencies. The government however is trying its best to still improve pockets in the emergency services. The FBI have contributed to this by making a listing of all the law – enforcement agencies of the United States in an on- line directory

CNC machines(Fundamentals and Applications) Essay

CNC machines(Fundamentals and Applications) - Essay Example Nowadays in order to provide better online data transfer, CNCs can be connected to the internet. Companies having multi operations are benefitted a lot from this so that they can transfer their programmes to other locations. Today’s CNCs provide a very high level of automation. Any skillful operator can use all the features to increase his/her own as well as company’s productivity. Their capacity to deliver extreme precision has given a great boost to innumerable new state-of-the-art technologies as a multiplier effect to produce thousands of products in the last 30-40 years. In the manufacturing and production sectors, automation using computers has become a common, if necessary trend. The application of Numerical Control (NC) and Computer Numerical Control (CNC) has seen production work become more effective in virtually all dimensions. With the three and five axis CNC machines, more complex shapes can be produced in real time, more accurately and without having to set and reset machines and workpieces over and over as I always the case with conventional machines. Having several structural components and coming in modular form, CNC machines are controlled using dedicated software and programs to automate and control its functions. Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is the automated control of the machine tools by a computer program and a computer; the machine is controlled by a computer rather than a person (Mattson 2009, p.9). On the other hand, Numerical Control (NC) can be defined as a type of programmable automation that involves the use of a program of instructions to control the mechanical actions of machines or equipment. The program has set of instructions that include positioning of the workhead and workpiece and other instructions that are necessary to operate the machine. A workhead is the cutting tool and the workpiece is the object being processed. The application of

Cars Pollution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Cars Pollution - Research Paper Example In the year 1991, an incident in California, drew attention of a major section of shoppers as well as people associated with Food and Liquor chain in northern California (Rajan, 1996, p. 3). It might have raised the eye-brows of many shoppers who confronted the situation where they would have to choose paper over plastic bags at the check-out line (Rajan, 1996, p.3). ‘â€Å"Automobile pollution is a disease,† cried the banner on one side of the bags and, on the other, â€Å"Cure your car!†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Rajan, 1996, p.3) This message is supposed to spread awareness and warning message to the passersby such that people think before using their vehicles and consider other means of travel when use of cars can be avoided. Despite all caution messages, people’s daily lives seem to be unfulfilled without the use of car. Speaking of the automobile use in a continent like North America, it has been seen that the use of automobiles have reached a remarkable stage. Not on ly do regular office goers and other busy people use cars, but also that section of the society which comprises the young adults contribute to the number of people using cars on a daily basis. Irrespective of the fact that the increase in the use of cars which is taking the shape of something lethal in North America, people are getting obsessed with the use of cars and almost cannot live without one. According to Jeff Gearhart, â€Å"Automobiles are responsible for a majority of lead pollution in North America, or approximately 16 pounds of lead per vehicle over its lifetime† (Gearhart, Griffith and Mills, 2003). The level of lead present in cars is important to consider because it contributes to health and behavioral problems in children and adults. Paradoxically speaking, the use of cars is directly proportional to the percentage of pollutants entering the atmosphere. As a consequence, a major section of the population is also consuming harmful gases like nitrogen oxide, su lphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, lead and hydrogen oxides as well, which may even result in permanent damage of the lungs and the respiratory system. The question is very likely to arise as to why is it that cars form one of the principal sources of air pollution. The simplest answer might be that cars are always run by fuels like petrol, diesel, gasoline which play the role behind brining in deadly air pollutants. Choosing something like green vehicles which are designed in a way that burn less gas, and also are able to use alternative fuels thereby avoiding gas, and buying hybrid cars (example: Toyota Prius) which although run on gas yet has an electric motor operated by a battery which enables the engine to stop when the car comes to a halt thereby emitting zero amount of harmful gas, might be an excellent way to prevent pollution (Welsbacher, Anne, 2009, p. 13 and 14). Again, â€Å"†¦in bumper-to-bumper traffic, a driver breathes the not-yet-dispersed carbon monoxide, hydro carbons, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, lead and other toxics emitted by the car in front.† (Fermi, 1969, p.35) However, cars that are smaller in size produce less amount of pollution than cars that are bigger, as the amount of gasoline burnt by small cars is less and eventually produce less pollution reminds of another interesting fact which is, cars that move faster cause less pollution as compared to the slower moving ones (Fermi,

The California Education in budget cut Essay Example for Free

The California Education in budget cut Essay Save our children, save our education: The California Education in budget cut Considering that the majority of the population of California is dominated by those who can only afford public school education, it is almost going to be useless for parents to send their children to school. They might think about what they would gain from being at the school. Instead they would just allow their children to work, which is the gravest type of exploitation that a child could experience, being just young. There has been school demonstrations in several districts of California participated in by the teachers, parents and school administrators shouting in anger against the governor. Cutting of the educational budget is fast approaching and realization of this upon enforcement in 2008-2009 shall be the peak at which the protesters and the â€Å"accused† should be a lot more prepared . The proposed budget cut rooted from the governor’s 10% across-the-board cuts to provide venue for state social programs. $4. 8 billion is to be deprived from the secondary education, whereas $1. 3 billion from the higher education will be harvested by him. This will save the governor from the deficit when he declared fiscal emergency to account for the state project shortage of funds, which was actually $16 billion turning $14. 5 dollars (Conway Martinez, 2008). Education is the most important possession parents can leave to their children as a gift. From childhood, every parent is excited on the first day of school that they buy their children’s uniform and prepare for the very first experience of their children to formally hold their pencils and receive their marks, whether excellent or not, they still accept it. What matters is they get the right education and it only depends upon how their children are going to take advantage of the opportunity. The preschool level is just a foretaste, when their children are already at the higher level, which I more crucial, and expensive, that is the time they need to support their children more. They will have to work really hard. Sometimes, when they want their children to get the best education, they send them to an exclusive school because they are confident enough of the training teachers get to be qualified in that school. Preschool and lower school levels are somewhat less in effect, what is usually more important is the college level, wherein students are really shaped as professionals. At some point, whatever type of character the youth will have will basically be under the custody of the biological parents, and of course the secondary ones, the teachers. Academically speaking, this qualifies the children from entering the real world, the better the education gets, the easier it is to go beyond interviews and usually the companies look at the aspect of educational foundation that will serve the professional goals of their company. For Californians, especially the business executives of the top companies, education is ranked as the most important component of their companies in public policy concerns. But then, according to their professional assessment, this can only be achieved when subsequent reforms are done in the educational system. The more competitive is the curriculum in a school and the teachers’ competitiveness on a parallel then what will be achieved is a powerful tool to building up the necessary foundation. They insist that even in high schools this must be already implemented. They claim that this will affect the academic and vocational issues in the future, especially on the race of choosing their future leaders. The government of the United States provides the education of the people from on the federal, state or local levels of provision and control. This makes attending classes really mandatory (till the age of 8) to come up with the most valuable use of time and funds specifically in the primary and secondary level. The school boards are responsible for the monitoring, funding, and setting of policies within their respective districts, which are independent from other local jurisdictions. The catch here is that the education is free for all; it is just an option not to go to public schools and spend big money the private ones. Funding of public education is done by putting on the taxes they are able to get from their districts from the property taxes from each family, side from the funds that the government still subsidizes. Public schools follow the policy set forth by the national government to prevent the inefficient use of the district funds. To maintain the level of academic standards, teachers within them form plans in developing supplementary materials. Education is not mentioned in the constitution of the United States. The government has no control over the schools ran by the district boards. Bush administration initiated the NCLB act or ‘No Child Left Behind Act’ to somehow centralize the educational system. The current Governor of California, Arnold Schwarzenegger is one of the government official patronizing the budget cut, stating that this would cause no harm to the educational system and classrooms of Californian schools. He cut $4 billion from the educational fund, from the country’s 47th in rank in the per-pupil spending. This has significantly negative impact on the educational working force, because doing this drops 57,000 teachers. Other side effects are eliminating 4 weeks of the school year, or increasing the class size by about 23%, making the population in the classroom bigger (Perata, 2008). Ninety-seven percent of the school districts were not able to meet the demands of NCLB. This move of the governor is much of negative impact on him as a political figure because people will think that this is the most illogical thing to do. They believe that cutting the budget will definitely send the remaining three percent to the same situation ang aggravating the performance of the lower majority. How would this affect the future of the children in California? How would this provision affect the learning of the future adult society of America? Shamefully, the truth is obvious to us that it will ruin the educational freedom. Children will suffer from under-education because they will not get the necessary level of knowledge that must be translated to them through proper attention. A classroom blown up in number will be a dilemma; the topics might be taught very slowly in pacing because barriers in effective communication will be magnified, especially when students have a lot to join conversations with, instead of listening to their teacher. Teacher might also lose their teaching capacities because they cannot shoulder themselves the materials needed to effectively deliver their subject matter. Entering school will just become a responsibility, nobody will enjoy it both sides. The young minds which are in fact the easiest to shape shall be blocked with these incapacitating budget cut-off. The ineffectiveness of learning strategies can accumulate and may make the movement of knowledge stagnant, because from the start, they are no longer learning anything. It is very surprising: what we could only think of is that the governor did not really consider the present situation of the struggling population of children hungry for educational support. Its is very alarming that students need to attend extra classes in learning centers just to cope up, with what should have been actually supplied by the school. What should have been implemented about the NCLB policy is no longer met. Isn’t it already a violation of the government policies, and merely the violation of human rights? How possible is it that he claims of the good performance of the students when the current situation is disgusting? Now, how do we think of the future of California having these students under-educated? These children we look at now might find it misty to follow their dreams, to find their positions in the globally competitive industries. What they might have thought of as the only key to save their families from poverty will actually stop them from getting to what they want to reach out for. Their expected growth in terms of spending power shall be hindered because they will not be able to get into the top companies of really good pay, because of the lack of competitiveness. They might be lost and be left behind in the fast changing world, and in exaggerated sense be trapped and die without having to reach what they thought proper education might lead them to. Reference Conway, D. , Martinez, K. (2008). The California budget and the crisis of public education. News and Analysis Retrieved May 21, 2008 Perata, D. (2008). The California Budget Update [Electronic Version]. California Progress Report. Retrieved May 21, 2008, from http://www. californiaprogressreport. com/2008/02/california_educ_1. html

Essay --

Fear, suffering, danger, pain, and torture. These are all of the feelings that an abused animal feels. Only five states have had law officials directly take action against animal abuse. These states being: Idaho, Hawaii, Kentucky, Mississippi and North Dakota. Animals are abused to their deaths everyday. These owners or abusers have no appreciation for human or animal life at all. The abusers have been lucky enough to get away, with such a serious and cruel crime. And only facing the minimum punishment, or sometimes no punishment at all. Animals have just as much rights to live a happy abuse free life just like many of us do. Animal abusers need to face harsher consequences, before it begins a problem out of hand. In the following essay you will be able to comprehend and realize how bad these abused animals feel everyday. One of the first steps in saving animals and  ­creating effective laws is understanding what animal cruelty really is. There are two types of cruelty: Passive cruelty and Active cruelty. Passive cruelty is when the abuse happens as a result of neglect. It might s...